National Parks of Colombia

Colombia is a South American country that is surrounded by Venezuela and Brazil on the east; by Ecuador and the Pacific Ocean on the west; by Ecuador and Peru on the south; and by Panama and the Caribbean Sea on the north.

Colombia has six major regions including the Andes mountain range region, the Pacific coastal region, the Caribbean coastal region, the Llanos (plains) region. and the Amazon Rainforest region.

Colombia is the second most biodiverse country in the world, following Brazil. Columbia has the highest rate of species by area unit and it has the largest number of endemisms (species that are only found naturally in Colombia) of any other country. About 10 percent of the Earth’s animal species are found in Colombia.

Over 1800 species of birds live in Colombia; more than any other country, and representing 18 percent of the total bird species found in the world. Some of the bird species found in Colombia are the American Redstart, Groove-billed Ani, Spotted Antbird, White-plumed Antbird, Antioquia Bristle-tyrant, Northern Slaty-Antshrike, `Blackish-grey Antshrike, Black-faced Antthrush, White-flanked Antwren, Checker-throated Antwren, Apical Flycatcher, Apolinar’s Wren, Argus Bare-eye, Cinnamon Attila, Band-tailed Barbthroat, Pale-tailed Barbthroat, Beautiful Woodpecker, Bearded Bellbird, Black-and-gold Tanager, Black-chested Buzzard-eagle, Black-mandibled Toucan, Blackish Tapaculo, Bogotá Rail, Empress Brilliant, Fawn-breasted Brilliant, Brown-banded Antpitta, Buff-breasted Mountain-tanager, Red-rumped Cacique, Scarlet-rumped Cacique, Red-capped Cardinal, Gray Catbird, Little Chachalaca, Rufous-vented Chachalaca, Chestnut-bellied Flower-piercer, Chestnut-capped Piha, Chestnut-mandibled Toucan, Choco Toucan, Chocó Vireo, Clapper Rail, Andean Cock-of-the-rock, Guianan Cock-of-the-rock, Collared Trogon, Spangled Coquette, Buff-tailed Coronet, Velvet-purple Coronet, Bronzed Cowbird, Crested Ant-tanager, Cundinamarca Antpitta, Great Curassow, Dickcissel, Black-capped Donacobius, Common Ground Dove, Grey-fronted Dove, Mourning Dove, White-tipped Dove, Dusky-headed Brush-finch, American Harpy Eagle, Crested Eagle, Forest Elaenia, Yellow-crowned Elaenia, Andean Emerald, Blue-tailed Emerald, Glittering-throated Emerald, Versicoloured Emerald, Euler’s Flycatcher, Orange-bellied Euphonia, Purple-crowned Fairy, Laughing Falcon, Flame-winged Parakeet, Acadian Flycatcher, Fuscous Flycatcher, Great Crested Flycatcher, Ruddy-tailed Flycatcher, Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher, Orange-breasted Fruiteater, Black-faced Hawk, Common Black Hawk, Bronzy Hermit, Great-billed Hermit, Green Hermit, Grey-chinned Hermit, Long-billed Hermit, Reddish Hermit, Rufous-breasted Hermit, Sooty-capped Hermit, Stripe-throated Hermit, Tawny-bellied Hermit, White-whiskered Hermit, Zigzag Heron, Purple Honeycreeper, Giant Hummingbird, Green-bellied Hummingbird, Indigo-capped Hummingbird, Ruby-topaz Hummingbird, Rufous-tailed Hummingbird, Snowy-breasted Hummingbird, Speckled Hummingbird, Steely-vented Hummingbird, Violet-bellied Hummingbird, Buff-necked Ibis, Brown Inca, Collared Inca, Bronzy Jacamar, Green-tailed Jacamar, Pale-headed Jacamar, Paradise Jacamar, Rufous-tailed Jacamar, Yellow-billed Jacamar, White-necked Jacobin, Green Jay, American Pygmy Kingfisher, Great Kiskadee, Long-wattled Umbrellabird, Blue-backed Manakin, Lance-tailed Manakin, Wire-tailed Manakin, Green-breasted Mango, Tyrian Metaltail, Tropical Mockingbird, Blue-crowned Motmot, Rufous Motmot, Mountain Grackle, Moustached Brush-finch, Multicoloured Tanager, Niceforo’s Wren, Lesser Nighthawk, Northern Helmeted Curassow, Brown Nunlet, Rusty-breasted Nunlet, Oilbird, Baltimore Oriole, Orchard Oriole, South American Yellow Oriole, Pale-legged Warbler, Parker’s Antbird, Mealy Amazon, Yellow-eared Parrot, Green-rumped Parrotlet, Western Wood Pewee, Black Phoebe, Band-tailed Pigeon, Ruddy Pigeon, Short-billed Pigeon, Collared Puffbird, Russet-throated Puffbird, White-necked Puffbird, Puffleg, Colorful Puffleg, Gorgeted Puffleg, Golden-headed Quetzal,White-tipped Quetzal, Booted Racket-tail, Red-bellied Grackle, Royal Flycatcher, Rufous-breasted Wren, Rufous-fronted Parakeet, Rufous-tailed Antthrush, Rusty-headed Spinetail, Santa Marta Antpitta, Santa Marta Brush-finch, Santa Marta Bush-tyrant, Santa Marta Mountain-tanager, Santa Marta Parakeet, Santa Marta Tapaculo, Santa Marta Warbler, Santa Marta Wren, Blue-chinned Sapphire, Scarlet Macaw, Black-necked Screamer, Horned Screamer, Variable Seedeater, Buff-tailed Sicklebill, White-tipped Sicklebill, Silvery-throated Spinetail, Red Siskin, Yellow-bellied Siskin, Sooty Ant-tanager, Sooty-capped Puffbird, Orange-billed Sparrow, Blue-tufted Starthroat, Long-billed Starthroat, Black Storm-petrel, Least Storm-petrel, Streak-capped Spinetail, Gorgeted Sunangel, Orange-throated Sunangel, Tree Swallow, Swallow-wing, Short-tailed Swift, Sick’s Swift, Violet-tailed Sylph, Blue-gray Tanager, Fulvous-crested Tanager, Olive Tanager, Paradise Tanager, Scarlet Tanager, Turquoise Tanager, White-shouldered Tanager, Green Thorntail, Wire-crested Thorntail, Spectacled Thrush, Wood Thrush, Barred Tinamou, Berlepsch’s Tinamou, Black Tinamou, Brown Tinamou, Choco Tinamou, Cinereous Tinamou, Colombian Tinamou, Great Tinamou, Grey Tinamou, Grey-legged Tinamou, Highland Tinamou, Little Tinamou, Magdalena Tinamou, Red-legged Tinamou, Rusty Tinamou, Undulated Tinamou, Variegated Tinamou, White-throated Tinamou, Tolima Dove, Channel-billed Toucan, Keel-billed Toucan, White-throated Toucan, Emerald Toucanet, Groove-billed Toucanet, Slaty-tailed Trogon, Grey-winged Trumpeter, Buffy Tuftedcheek, Streaked Tuftedcheek, Turquoise Dacnis, Turquoise-throated Puffleg, Southern Beardless Tyrannulet, Upper Magdalena Tapaculo, Velvet-fronted Euphonia, Violaceous Trogon, Brown Violet-ear, Green Violet-ear, Sparkling Violet-ear, Black-and-white Warbler, Black-throated Green Warbler, Blackpoll Warbler, Palm Warbler, Prairie Warbler, Townsend’s Warbler, Yellow Warbler, Waved Albatross, Cedar Waxwing, White-crowned Pigeon, White-lored Warbler, White-mantled Barbet, Purple-bibbed Whitetip, Amazonian Barred-woodcreeper, Black-banded Woodcreeper, Straight-billed Woodcreeper, Violet-crowned Woodnymph, Acorn Woodpecker,Ringed Woodpecker,Yellow-throated Woodpecker,Purple-throated Woodstar, Band-backed Wren, Stripe-backed Wren, Yariguies Brush-finch, Yellow-crowned Redstart, Yellow-headed Brush-finch, and Yellow-rumped Warbler.

There are over 450 species of mammals found in Colombia, including 34 species of primates. Other notable mammal species include the Jaguar, Greater Anteater, Spectacled Bear, Three-toed Sloth, Amazonian Manitee, and Nine-banded Armandillo.
Mammals of Colombia – Checklist

There are over 600 species of amphibian and over 500 species of reptiles in Colombia, including more than 250 species of snakes. Colombia has over 1,400 species of freshwater fish and nearly 2,000 species of marine fish. Colombia has about 300,000 species of invertebrates, including over 250,000 species of beetles. Colombia has more than 40,000 plant species.

Colombia’s protected areas, including its 44 national parks, cover over 11 percent of Colombia’s total land area.